Analysis of the pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common gastrointestinal tumour, and approximately 300,000 people worldwide suffer and lose their lives to esophageal cancer every year. This research will investigate the pathogenesis of ESCC caused by heat stress, and investigate the current state of research and future development of targeted and immunotherapeutic strategies based on the signaling pathways and key proteins associated with ESCC. In heat stress-induced ESCC, TRPV2, a temperature-sensitive gene, has been analysed as an important pathogenetic mechanism leading to ESCC by promoting the heterogeneous proliferation of esophageal epithelial cells as well as their metastasis and development. As for targeted therapy and immunotherapy, the advantages of targeting EGFR and PD-1/PD-L1 (ligands of PD-1) for ESCC over surgery and chemotherapy were analysed respectively. The above analyses will provide an important research direction for future research on the pathogenesis of ESCC and the development of related therapeutic strategies in this field.