A potential treatment of schizophrenia through mitigating the neurotransmitter imbalance: ADX71149

Abstract. Schizophrenia has been characterized with positive symptoms and negative symptoms. The cardinal symptoms of schizophrenia were described to be the presence of delusions and hallucination as well as sensation associated with psychosis, the general loss of touch with reality. There are several known causes or general trends that lead to schizophrenia. Schizophrenia has heavy ties with genetic factors. Its causes are linked to genetic factors, with candidate genes like COMT and DISC1 being studied for their impact on symptom severity. Substance-induced psychosis, particularly from cannabis, increases the risk of transitioning to schizophrenia spectrum disorder by 30-40% within three years. New discovery displays that the positive and negative symptoms associated with schizophrenia have been correlated with an imbalance in interactive dopamine-glutamate circuitry between the striatum and the prefrontal cortex. Newly developed metabotropic glutamate receptor modulators such as ADX71149, regulate glutamate and dopamine release, showing better results for both positive and negative symptoms compared to older dopamine antagonist medications. ADX71149 holds several advantages over the previously developed antipsychotic medication as previous medication mainly revolves around the mechanism of being a dopamine antagonist. Previous psychotic medication, although effective against positive symptoms of schizophrenia, can potentially worsen the severity of negative symptoms, ADX71149, being able to regulate both pathways and subsequently mitigate this issue. ADX71149 may also enhance combination therapies with cognitive behavioral therapy and other patient-professional interactions.