A Search for Persistent Radio Sources toward Repeating Fast Radio Bursts Discovered by CHIME/FRB

Abstract The identification of persistent radio sources (PRSs) coincident with two repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) supports FRB theories requiring a compact central engine. However, deep nondetections in other cases highlight the diversity of repeating FRBs and their local environments. Here, we perform a systematic search for radio sources towards 37 CHIME/FRB repeaters using their arcminute localizations and a combination of archival surveys and targeted observations. Through multiwavelength analysis of individual radio sources, we identify two (20181030A-S1 and 20190417A-S1) for which we disfavor an origin of either star formation or an active galactic nucleus in their host galaxies and thus consider them candidate PRSs. We do not find any associated PRSs for the majority of the repeating FRBs in our sample. For eight FRB fields with Very Large Array imaging, we provide deep limits on the presence of PRSs that are 2–4 orders of magnitude fainter than the PRS associated with FRB 20121102A. Using Very Large Array Sky Survey imaging of all 37 fields, we constrain the rate of luminous (≳10 40 erg s −1 ) PRSs associated with repeating FRBs to be low. Within the context of FRB-PRS models, we find that 20181030A-S1 and 20190417A-S1 can be reasonably explained within the context of magnetar, hypernebulae, gamma-ray burst afterglow, or supernova ejecta models—although we note that both sources follow the radio luminosity versus rotation measure relationship predicted in the nebula model framework. Future observations will be required to both further characterize and confirm the association of these PRS candidates with the FRBs.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
The Astrophysical Journal
Published
2024-11-22
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad808e
Citations
12
Primary Topic
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
3.98

Funders

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article

A Search for Persistent Radio Sources toward Repeating Fast Radio Bursts Discovered by CHIME/FRB

Paul Scholz, Daniele Michilli, Ayush Pandhi, Kiyoshi W. Masui et al.
12 citations
The Astrophysical Journal
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
3.98
article

A Search for Persistent Radio Sources toward Repeating Fast Radio Bursts Discovered by CHIME/FRB

Paul Scholz, Daniele Michilli, Ayush Pandhi, Kiyoshi W. Masui, Navin Sridhar, Kaitlyn Shin, Kenzie Nimmo, B. M. Gaensler, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Shriharsh P. Tendulkar, Tarraneh Eftekhari, V. M. Kaspi, Amanda M. Cook, Shami Chatterjee, Ziggy Pleunis, Franz Kirsten, T. E. Clarke, Masoud Rafiei-Ravandi, Ronniy C. Joseph, Jason W. T. Hessels, Casey Law, Ben Margalit, Mohit Bhardwaj, M. R. Drout, Kendrick M. Smith, Mattias Lazda, Aaron B. Pearlman, Adaeze L. Ibik
article en
12 citations

Abstract

Abstract The identification of persistent radio sources (PRSs) coincident with two repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) supports FRB theories requiring a compact central engine. However, deep nondetections in other cases highlight the diversity of repeating FRBs and their local environments. Here, we perform a systematic search for radio sources towards 37 CHIME/FRB repeaters using their arcminute localizations and a combination of archival surveys and targeted observations. Through multiwavelength analysis of individual radio sources, we identify two (20181030A-S1 and 20190417A-S1) for which we disfavor an origin of either star formation or an active galactic nucleus in their host galaxies and thus consider them candidate PRSs. We do not find any associated PRSs for the majority of the repeating FRBs in our sample. For eight FRB fields with Very Large Array imaging, we provide deep limits on the presence of PRSs that are 2–4 orders of magnitude fainter than the PRS associated with FRB 20121102A. Using Very Large Array Sky Survey imaging of all 37 fields, we constrain the rate of luminous (≳10 40 erg s −1 ) PRSs associated with repeating FRBs to be low. Within the context of FRB-PRS models, we find that 20181030A-S1 and 20190417A-S1 can be reasonably explained within the context of magnetar, hypernebulae, gamma-ray burst afterglow, or supernova ejecta models—although we note that both sources follow the radio luminosity versus rotation measure relationship predicted in the nebula model framework. Future observations will be required to both further characterize and confirm the association of these PRS candidates with the FRBs.

The Astrophysical JournalVol. 976(2)
National Science Foundation, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, McGill University, Space Telescope Science Institute, National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Canada Research Chairs, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, University of Toronto, Nuclear Safety and Security Commission, Vetenskapsrådet, Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, McGill Space Institute, NASA Headquarters, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies, Office of Naval Research, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory
Openalex Percentile: Top 6%
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
3.98
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