Measuring Collective Action Intention Toward Gender Equality Across Cultures
Abstract: Collective action is a powerful tool for social change and is fundamental to women and girls’ empowerment on a societal level. Collective action towards gender equality could be understood as intentional and conscious civic behaviors focused on social transformation, questioning power relations, and promoting gender equality through collective efforts. Various instruments to measure collective action intentions have been developed, but to our knowledge none of the published measures were subject to invariance testing. We introduce the gender equality collective action intention (GECAI) scale and examine its psychometric isomorphism and measurement invariance, using data from 60 countries ( N = 31,686). Our findings indicate that partial scalar measurement invariance of the GECAI scale permits conditional comparisons of latent mean GECAI scores across countries. Moreover, this metric psychometric isomorphism of the GECAI means we can interpret scores at the country-level (i.e., as a group attribute) conceptually similar to individual attributes. Therefore, our findings add to the growing body of literature on gender based collective action by introducing a methodologically sound tool to measure collective action intentions towards gender equality across cultures.
Authors
- Dana Gavreliuc (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9507-578X)
- Sami Abuhamdeh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4809-6921)
- Jolanda van der Noll (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-466X)
- Cláudio Torres (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3727-7391)
- Mariko Tatsumi
- Carla Sofia Esteves (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7307-8373)
- Valeska Zanello (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2531-5581)
- Collins Badu Agyemang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0490-9193)
- Владислав Кривощеков (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1213-0884)
- Sadia Malik (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5110-5924)
- Mary Kinahan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0182-3140)
- Sachiko Ohno
- Tiphaine Rousseaux
- Emma A. Renström (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6593-2464)
- Janine Bosak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5701-6538)
- Rosita Sobhie (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3627-974X)
- Miriam‐Linnea Hale (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7347-3445)
- Sarah E. Martiny (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6791-2122)
- Francesca Guizzo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0754-3337)
- Félix Neto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0112-880X)
- Michał Olech (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3612-0568)
- Justine Dandy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3871-364X)
- Chongzeng Bi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1871-2914)
- Elena Makarova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7033-9144)
- Dorthe Høj Jensen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0989-9481)
- Vera Ćubela Adorić (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4752-4541)
- Quang Thi Mong
- Toni Schmader (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4815-7483)
- Andrew Bryan Moynihan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3979-9262)
- Н В Дворянчиков (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1462-5469)
- Mónika Kovács (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-3717)
- Adil Samekin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9684-1944)
- Teri A. Kirby (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8361-7027)
- Marta Walentynowicz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7049-7943)
- Masoumeh Seydi
- Keltouma Guerch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3544-1219)
- Debra Shepherd (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3609-8583)
- Christin‐Melanie Vauclair (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4940-1185)
- Hannah Hämer
- Natasza Kosakowska‐Berezecka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3503-3921)
- Efraín García‐Sánchez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8097-5822)
- Vadym Vasiutynskyi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9808-4550)
- Maria Giuseppina Pacilli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-6961)
- Martina Hřebı́čková (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8700-1326)
- Soledad de Lemus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6191-9446)
- Paweł Jurek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9958-3941)
- Edgardo Daniel Etchezahar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3289-194X)
- Peilian Chi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1839-1113)
- Judith Gabriella Kengyel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8712-0379)
- Nihan Albayrak‐Aydemir (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3412-4311)
- Silvia Moscatelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0666-2211)
- Sandesh Dhakal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9702-9771)
- Simon Schindler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1764-7241)
- Jurand Sobiecki (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1545-2117)
- Serdar Karabatı (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4668-5274)
- Claude‐Hélène Mayer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9445-7591)
- Suparna Jain Thakur
- Magdalena Zawisza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7925-8415)
- Ani Grigoryan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5453-2879)
- Antonella Ludmila Zapata‐Calvente (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-5485)
- Joel Anderson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3649-2003)
- Emma C. O’Connor
- Ioana M. Latu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3328-9261)
- Magdalena Żadkowska (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8146-5189)
- Mika Hirai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9728-6476)
- Gulnaz Anjum (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2589-7884)
- Anna Włodarczyk (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2106-5324)
- Sonoko Egami
- Anna Lindqvist (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0468-2622)
- Joseph A. Vandello (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9318-4002)
- Saba Safdar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9198-5228)
- Lucy De Souza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8631-1912)
- Neharika Vohra (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0309-691X)
- Renata Bongiorno (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4194-8087)
- Soline Ammirati
- Emma Sarter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8468-2801)
- Beril Türkoğlu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4752-5723)
- Dijana Sulejmanović (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6745-9623)
- Mary Anne Lauri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5219-8010)
- Narine Khachatryan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3590-7131)
- Tai Kurosawa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2028-6793)
- Ángel Gómez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4287-4916)
- Juliana Barreiros Porto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9164-2719)
- Pablo Pérez de León (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6785-2518)
- Ana Makashvili (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4422-5362)
- Dashamir Bërxulli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2994-1499)
- Hedy Greijdanus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6587-2999)
- Javier Labarthe (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7381-1347)
- Tomasz Besta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6209-3677)
- Érico Rentería Pérez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0538-925X)
- Jennifer K. Bosson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2566-1078)
- Marie Gustafsson Sendén (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5398-2894)
- Danielle P. Ochoa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9914-9590)
- Colleen Ward (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4010-8932)
- Serena Daalmans (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1792-0175)
- Alin Gavreliuc (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8411-0327)
- Timothy Jacob Valshtein (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5523-239X)
- Boglárka Nyúl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6620-9630)
- Kaltrina Kelmendi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6619-1415)
- Jorge Enrique Palacio Sañudo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6971-7067)
- Eric S. Mankowski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1640-8102)
- Joanna Pyrkosz‐Pacyna (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9112-8629)
- Marco Salvati (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1350-8730)
- Vera Hoorens (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4855-9861)
- Lucy Tavitian (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6695-9076)
- Tiziana Mancini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7173-6478)
- Cláudia Simão (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7723-752X)
- Joanna Grzymała-Moszczyńska (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6845-0724)
- Inga Jasinskaja‐Lahti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6419-5324)
- Colette van Laar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8113-1242)
- Randall E. Osborne (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9143-707X)
- Rawan Ghazzawi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9947-0314)
- Mario Sainz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2048-5872)
- Qingwei Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5458-0210)
- Abiodun Musbau Lawal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4248-6005)
- Shera Malayeri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7164-5581)
- Michael Bender (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0300-5555)
- Katie Sullivan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9489-6316)
- Angelica Puzio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9289-4202)
- Jasna Milošević Đorđević (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9898-894X)
- Satu Venäläinen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3298-1336)
- Gülçin Akbaş (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6932-2022)
- Clara Kulich (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-2128)
- Katharina Block (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3515-4531)
- Beatriz A. Torre
- Snigdha Patnaik
- Ana Raquel Rosas Torres (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3161-0309)
- Claudia Manzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0742-731X)
- Deborah L. Best (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6715-0957)
- Annalisa Casini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3539-4500)
- Aistė Bakaitytė (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7937-933X)
- Desirée Kozlowski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3919-2428)
- Rita Žukauskienė (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0884-7578)
- Dominique Müller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9544-5317)
- Sulaiman Olanrewaju Adebayo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6514-5257)
- Truong Van Nhan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5603-7908)
- Vassilis Pavlopoulos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6465-6725)
- Laura Froehlich (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8610-2750)
- Silvia Mari (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6543-5249)
- Lam Hoang Duc
- Kimberly A. Noels (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9881-4242)
- Joaquín Ungaretti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1185-9139)
- Chiara Bertolli
- Jana Lindner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4777-9157)
- Maja Becker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1187-1699)
- Sylvie Graf (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7810-5457)
- Erita Narhetali (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7195-726X)
- Vincent Yzerbyt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1185-4733)
- Paul B. Hutchings (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1480-6454)
- Vladimir Mihić (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4471-9071)
- Eva Moreno‐Bella (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1299-3148)
- Mandy Boehnke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7138-2152)
- Ivana Piterová (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8966-9277)
- JOHN JAMIR BENZON R. ARUTA
- Junyi Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5320-1621)
- Yang Yaping
- Michelle K. Ryan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1091-9275)
- Mujeeba Ashraf (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-0978)
- Amarina Ariyanto
Institutions
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (IT)
- Eötvös Loránd University (HU)
- University of Kassel (DE)
- Ningbo University (CN)
- Iscte – Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (PT)
- University of Delhi (IN)
- University of Geneva (CH)
- Istanbul Bilgi University (TR)
- University of Bern (CH)
- FernUniversität in Hagen (DE)
- Edith Cowan University (AU)
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VN)
- University of Parma (IT)
- Queen's University Belfast (GB)
- Portland State University (US)
- Jagiellonian University (PL)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Ekiti State University (NG)
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Istanbul Şehir University (TR)
- Institute of Business Administration Karachi (PK)
- Texas State University (US)
- University of Padua (IT)
- University of Ghana (GH)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Southwest University (CN)
- Universidad del Norte (CO)
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Mykolas Romeris University (LT)
- Universidade de Brasília (BR)
- Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad (IN)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Tribhuvan University (NP)
- Osaka Prefecture University (JP)
- University of Sargodha (PK)
- Stockholm University (SE)
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (CL)
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba (BR)
- University of Groningen (NL)
- Singidunum University (RS)
- University of Novi Sad (RS)
- University of the Punjab (PK)
- Universidad de Granada (ES)
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (ES)
- Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées (FR)
- University of Bremen (DE)
- Universidade do Porto (PT)
- Ilia State University (GE)
- University of Basel (CH)
- University of Luxembourg (LU)
- South China Normal University (CN)
- Lund University (SE)
- University of Milan (IT)
- Tilburg University (NL)
- Yerevan State University (AM)
- La Trobe University (AU)
- University of Malta (MT)
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- Czech Academy of Sciences (CZ)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- University of Macau (MO)
- Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK)
- University of Limerick (IE)
- University of Exeter (GB)
- University of Johannesburg (ZA)
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (AR)
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa (PT)
- Stellenbosch University (ZA)
- University of South Florida (US)
- University of Perugia (IT)
- Universidad Católica del Norte (CL)
- University of Indonesia (ID)
- Anton de Kom University of Suriname (SR)
- West University of Timişoara (RO)
- Istanbul Medipol University (TR)
- Shirayuri University (JP)
- Shiraume Gakuen University (JP)
- Pázmány Péter Catholic University (HU)
- Ibaraki Christian University (JP)
- University of Gdańsk (PL)
- Victoria University of Wellington (NZ)
- International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan (UZ)
- Centre of Social and Psychological Sciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK)
- Institute of Psychology (PL)
- XIM University (IN)
- Technological University Dublin (IE)
- National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine (UA)
- Moscow State University of Psychology & Education (RU)
- Dublin City University (IE)
- Federal University Oye Ekiti (NG)
- Ankara Medipol Üniversitesi
- Boğaziçi University (TR)
- Atilim University (TR)
- Wake Forest University (US)
- Anglia Ruskin University (GB)
- University of Bihać (BA)
- University of Zadar (HR)
- New York University (US)
- De La Salle University (PH)
- Haigazian University (LB)
- Sichuan Normal University (CN)
- Hitachi (Japan) (JP)
- University of Milano-Bicocca (IT)
- Southern Cross University (AU)
- AGH University of Krakow (PL)
- Gdańsk Medical University (PL)
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway (NO)
- University of Prishtina (XK)
- University of Guelph (CA)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Australian Catholic University (AU)
- University of the Philippines Diliman (PH)
- Universidad Católica del Uruguay (UY)
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Yokohama City University (JP)
- Université Grenoble Alpes (FR)
- London School of Economics and Political Science (GB)
- Universidad del Valle (CO)
- Semnan University (IR)
- University of Bologna (IT)
- UCLouvain (BE)
- Stanford University (US)
- University of Wales Trinity Saint David (GB)
- KU Leuven (BE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- European Journal of Psychological Assessment
- Published
- 2024-10-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000857
- Citations
- 6
- Primary Topic
- Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 6.79
Funders
- Grantová Agentura České Republiky
- Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
- Akademie Věd České Republiky
- Vetenskapsrådet
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
- National Institutes of Health
- Economic and Social Research Council
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences