Disk2Planet: A Robust and Automated Machine Learning Tool for Parameter Inference in Disk–Planet Systems

Abstract We introduce Disk2Planet, a machine-learning-based tool to infer key parameters in disk–planet systems from observed protoplanetary disk structures. Disk2Planet takes as input the disk structures in the form of 2D density and velocity maps, and outputs disk and planet properties, that is, the Shakura–Sunyaev viscosity, the disk aspect ratio, the planet–star mass ratio, and the planet’s radius and azimuth. We integrate the Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy, an evolutionary algorithm tailored for complex optimization problems, and the Protoplanetary Disk Operator Network, a neural network designed to predict solutions of disk–planet interactions. Our tool is fully automated and can retrieve parameters in one system in 3 minutes on an Nvidia A100 graphics processing unit. We empirically demonstrate that our tool achieves percent-level or higher accuracy, and is able to handle missing data and unknown levels of noise.