Cultural information in a Yakutepic – olonkho and its transfer to russian and english languages (on the material of P.A. Oyunsky’s olonkho «Nurgun Botur the Swift»)

Olonkho is the largest genre of Yakut folklore, which has developed the people’s ideas about the universe, a system of moral values, traditional beliefs and customs, the richness of language and culture. In the history of the study of the analysis of olonkho translations, realities, epic formulas of the universe, lexical figurative means, kinesics in olonkho and their translations into Russian were investigated, but work has not yet been carried out on the analysis of cultural information, which determines the relevance of the selected study. The purpose of the study is to analyze the transfer of cultural information of the epic in question into Russian and English. The objectives of the work include: studying theoretical literature on cultural information; collecting, analyzing and classifying factual material reflecting cultural information in the olonkho «Nurgun Bootur the Swift» by P.A. Oyunsky; generalization of the results of the work. In developing the proposed study, the method of continuous sampling, descriptive and comparative methods were used. Based on the analysis of the transfer of cultural information of olonkho into Russian and English, we came to the conclusion that lexical and grammatical transformations are used most often. Both Russian and English translations feature substitutions, rearrangements, additions, compensations and adaptations. This can be explained by the structural difference in sentences in the Yakut, Russian and English languages, the absence of equivalents in the translation language and the observance of the special rhythm of the olonkho text. In the Russian translation, omissions are not uncommon, but they do not affect the overall presentation; in the English translation, omissions of lines and stanzas are observed. Olonkho by P.A. Oyunsky «Nurgun Bootur the Swift» is rightfully considered one of the outstanding works of the Sakha people, in which the incredibly beautiful rich Yakut language appears to us in all its glory. It is not for nothing that folklore, and in particular olonkho, is called a treasure trove of the Yakut language, the culture of the people, where the rituals, traditions and customs of our ancestors, their life and occupation are described in detail. This gives us rich material for study not only through the prism of philological sciences, but also all others.