Optimization of carbon nutrition in order to protect grapevine genetic resources in the system in vitro

Relevance . Vegetative collection of in vitro plants of promising varieties, hybrids and clones of grapes was created in the Institute Magarach. Now it is relevant to study the possibility of using nutrient media, both with an increased concentration of sucrose and sucrose-free, for long-term non-replanting cultivation of grape plants in vitro. Methods . The aim of the study is to study the effect of carbohydrate nutrition for maintaining plant collection samples in vitro in conditions of slow growth and deep rest. Study materials were grape plants in vitro of wine varieties of the Institute Magarach breeding: Antei Magarachskiy, Granatovyi Magaracha, Pamyati Golodrigi. Cultivation was carried out on PG medium developed at the Institute Magarach; three medium variants were used: sucrose-free, 10 g/l (as a control), 60 g/l. Results . Grape plants, when cultivated in vitro for a long time on a sucrose-free, 10 mg/l and 60 mg/l sucrose media, retain their viability, while morphogenetic potential is better manifested on a sucrose-free medium. The absence of sucrose in the medium is not a limiting factor for morphogenesis of grape plants. It seems more promising to use a medium with sucrose concentration 60 mg/l for cultivating grape plants in the collection in vitro. To maintain the samples of the collection, a combined mode can be used, consisting of two stages of cultivation: the first is light with an intensity of 1000 lux under conditions of a 16-hour photoperiod at a temperature of +25–27 °C, the duration of the period is until the shoot is completely lignified; the second is at low positive temperatures of +2–4 °C in the dark. The period of non-replanting protection in a mixed regime will depend on the genetic specificity of a particular variety.