Research on Compression Failure Characteristics and Damage Constitutive Model of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete with 2% Copper-Coated Fibers Under Impact Load

This study systematically investigates the mechanical properties of plain concrete (PC) and 2% steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) under both static and dynamic loading conditions, utilizing advanced mechanical testing equipment and dynamic impact testing methods. The strain rate range studied spans from 10^-4 s^-1 to 483.12 s^-1. Under static loading conditions, the maximum bearing capacity and energy absorption capacity of 2% SFRC are 2.16 times and 3.83 times greater than those of PC, respectively, indicating a significant enhancement in toughness and resistance to failure. Under dynamic loading conditions, the energy absorption capacity of SFRC increases to 6.36 times that of PC. The impact failure behavior of SFRC was analyzed using the split-Hopkinson pressure bar-digital image correlation (SHPB-DIC) method, revealing that the failure was primarily driven by splitting tension. The failure process was subsequently categorized into four distinct stages. At high strain rates, the dynamic enhancement factor, peak stress, and peak strain of SFRC exhibit a linear increase with strain rate, whereas the energy absorption capacity increases in a nonlinear manner. This study presents a simplified viscoelastic constitutive model with four parameters and develops a damage-based viscoelastic constitutive model with seven parameters, demonstrating its broad applicability. The findings offer both theoretical insights and experimental evidence to support the use of SFRC under high strain rate conditions.