Design of an intelligent wearable device for real-time cattle health monitoring

In the realm of precision cattle health monitoring, this paper introduces the development and evaluation of a novel wearable continuous health monitoring device designed for cattle. The device integrates a sustainable solar-powered module, real-time signal acquisition and processing, and a storage module within an animal ergonomically designed curved casing for non-invasive cattle health monitoring. The curvature of the casing is tailored to better fit the contours of the cattle's neck, significantly enhancing signal accuracy, particularly in temperature signal acquisition. The core module is equipped with precision temperature sensors and inertial measurement units, utilizing the Arduino MKR ZERO board for data acquisition and processing. Field tests conducted on a cohort of ten cattle not only validated the accuracy of temperature sensing but also demonstrated the potential of machine learning, particularly the Support Vector Machine algorithm, for precise behavior classification and step counting, with an average accuracy of 97.27%. This study innovatively combines real-time temperature recognition, behavior classification, and step counting organically within a self-powered device. The results underscore the feasibility of this technology in enhancing cattle welfare and farm management efficiency, providing clear direction for future research to further enhance these devices for large-scale applications.