Characterization of γ-phase PLA-based beaded nanofibers with Ga₂O₃, ZrO₂, Hibiscus, and GO for wound dressing

Abstract Gallium oxide (Ga 2 O 3 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), and graphene oxide (GO) are prepared separately and then added to the Hibiscus. Then the mixture is added to polylactic acid (PLA) to expose it to the electrospinning process for obtaining beaded nanofibers. The beaded nanofibers are investigated using different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). However, XRD showed that the crystal structure of Ga 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 is monoclinic. In addition, PLA has two main phases which are γ-PLA and β-PLA. This phase decreased upon increasing the additions. Further, SEM showed a decrease in the diameter of beaded nanofibers and reached 0.146 μm. Furthermore, TGA showed that the beaded nanofibers are stable until around 240 o C. Moreover, the cell viability showed that the composition is 97.2% at the concentration of 2.4 µg/mL.