Effect of the crystalline structure of ceramic orthodontic brackets on the adherence of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans: An in vitro study

This study showed that monocrystalline ceramic brackets had less overall microbial biofilm adhesion compared to polycrystalline ceramic brackets, especially when incubated with <i>S. mutans</i> alone. This observation might be explained primarily by lower surface roughness in monocrystalline ceramics.