Bilateral Testicular Microlithiasis with Leydig Cell Hyperplasia: A Case Report

Testicular microlithiasis is a rare finding in intratesticular pathology, and its association with Leydig cell hyperplasia is not widely reported. We present a case of such an association. 19-year-old male presented with bilateral testicular microlithiasis on ultrasound, and elevated tumor markers. Inguinal orchiectomy revealed Leydig cell hyperplasia. Discussion: Testicular microlithiasis is increasingly detected due to advancements in ultrasound technology, but its clinical significance remains unclear. Leydig cell hyperplasia, characterized by testicular nodules, is rarely associated with microlithiasis. This case underscores the need for vigilance in evaluating testicular abnormalities, as severe microlithiasis and Leydig cell hyperplasia may mimic malignant lesions.