Pravni in etični izzivi uporabe umetne inteligence v medicini: poti k večji zanesljivosti in zaupanju bolnikov

Artificial intelligence (AI) is expanding in medicine, offering greater treatment accuracy and reducing healthcare staff workload. However, its use raises numerous legal and ethical questions, particularly regarding the disclosure of information to patients. There are two approaches to disclosing AI use: one advocates for full transparency and comprehensive disclosure of all information to patients, while the other recognizes physicians’ professional judgment in deciding which information is essential to disclose. While disclosing all information to patients could increase their trust, it may also increase confusion and fears. In practice, physicians should choose the best approach that satisfies patients’ information needs and enables them to make informed decisions. Furthermore, the reliability of AI is crucial to strengthening patients’ trust in it, requiring proper training of physicians on algorithm operation and limitations. Questions of liability for AI use remain complex, with various possible approaches to resolution, including different forms of legal liability and the introduction of non-fault-based compensation systems. Despite current challenges and dilemmas, it is clear that AI in medicine is in a developmental phase, opening up a range of questions that will need to be further researched and resolved in the future.