Plant <scp>PI4P</scp> is required for bacteria to translocate type‐3 effectors
Type-3 effectors (T3E) of phytopathogenic Gram-negative bacteria fulfill a virulent role, causing disease, or an avirulent role, inducing immunity, following their translocation into plant cells. This study aimed to validate the hypothesis that bacterial T3E translocation requires lipidic compounds in plant cell membranes. Based on genetic, molecular, and biochemical assays, we determined that phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) associated with plant cell membranes is essential for the translocation of T3E by bacterial pathogens. Replicate experimental data revealed that PI4P cooperates with the type-3 translocase HrpF to facilitate the translocation of effectors TAL and Xop from Xanthomonas oryzae and Hop from Pseudomonas syringae into the cells of Oryza sativa and Nicotiana benthamiana, respectively. Genetic and molecular analyses confirmed that, once translocated into plant cells, the distinct effectors induce disease or immunity. Combined genetic and pharmacological analyses revealed that when PI4P content is suppressed via genetic or pharmacological measures, the T3 effector translocation is considerably suppressed, resulting in serious inhibition of bacterial infection. Overall, these findings demonstrate that cooperative functioning of HrpF-PI4P is conserved in bacterial effectors and plants.
Authors
- Siyi Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8723-6648)
- Xiaoxu Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9268-0480)
- Lina Qin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6020-0597)
- Maoling Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5731-3665)
- Mingxin Sun
- Chunyu Qiu
- Kai Lu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6274-4167)
- Hansong Dong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2060-7718)
- Ping Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9272-5871)
- Chongchong Lu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4415-0831)
- Yufen Li
- Meixiang Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8152-2377)
- Qizhen Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7680-4409)
- Liyuan Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8547-2834)
- Shenshen Zou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3406-4913)
- Xiaochen Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3958-9619)
- Peng Cao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0897-222X)
- Z.-G. Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4126-0912)
- Xiaohui Yao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9765-1763)
- Miao Zhou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1085-8742)
- Jiajia Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0856-2457)
- Liping Gong
- Jiang Peng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5648-4111)
- Xinhua Ding (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-5992)
- Hao Pang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7713-6001)
- Xinlin Wei
- Lei Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5567-5349)
Institutions
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Sanya University (CN)
- Shandong Agricultural University (CN)
- Shaanxi Normal University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- New Phytologist
- Published
- 2024-11-20
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20248
- Citations
- 3
- Primary Topic
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.80
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province