The Role of the Skin Microbiome in Atopic Dermatitis

Skin microbiota play a critical role in human and health sickness, such as the processes that underpin development of atopic dermatitis. This review offers researches concerned with the primary focus of microorganisms in skin disease and delineates dysbiosis based on the disease’s pathology. This review also discusses interventions that target the skin microbiota and summarises the relevant literature implications for skin microbiome research. Therefore, the nature of the present review show that more investigations describing the effects of Staphylococcal species on skin diseases may contribute to design new targets for atopic dermatitis and others similar ailments in the future. Moreover, it revealed that there is recognition of the host and microbiome interconnectivity in health and skin homeostasis in the literature. Among the numerous extrinsic and intrinsic factors that disrupt skin microbiota there are many that eventually lead to the development of skin diseases. Imbalance or derangement of a normal microbial skin flora referred to as dysbiosis is evident in atopic dermatitis. The skin is responsive in that it must work as a shield between it and the rest of the world and actively counter act the mechanical and chemical forces most of the time manifested on the skins surface. These lead to changes in their environment in terms of pH, sebum content, water content and skin co-efficient of sweating non specific immunity. Host genetics with environment, commensal organisms and allergens are barriers that must be studied and unmask the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis and therapeutic management for this disease. Dysbiosis has even been described as a disruption in skin microbiome; over the past decade technology and cost has enabled exploration of the skin and microbiota.