Vitamin D and Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infection in Children Under Five Years at a Tertiary Hospital

Introduction: Recurrent infections in children are a leading cause of physician visits and hospitalizations, resulting in significant morbidity, mortality, school absences, and parental work loss. Among the various factors, Vitamin D plays a crucial role in disease prevention and severity reduction. This study aims to explore the relationship between Vitamin D levels and recurrent respiratory infections in children under five years, focusing on prevention strategies to reduce pediatric morbidity. Aims and Objectives: 1) To assess serum Vitamin D levels in children under five with recurrent respiratory tract infections. 2) To determine the association between Vitamin D deficiency and recurrent respiratory tract infections. Methods: The study was conducted in children under five with RRTI attending the Paediatrics Department at KVG Medical College and Hospital. Data were collected and analysed. Results: A total of 106 children were evaluated, including 62 cases with RRTI and 44 controls with other complaints (NONRRTI). Most were aged 4?5 years, with female preponderance. Common conditions included bronchopneumonia, HARD, and recurrent tonsillitis. A history of Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 87% of cases. Conclusions: RRTIs contribute significantly to pediatric morbidity and mortality. Vitamin D, with its immunomodulatory effects, can help prevent respiratory infections, reduce severity, and lower mortality rates.