Urban Multi-Scenario Land Use Optimization Simulation Considering Local Climate Zones

The urban heat island (UHI) effect, a significant environmental challenge within the global urbanization process, poses severe threats to human health, ecological security, and life safety while also impacting the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. This study proposes a multi-scenario optimization method for urban thermal environments based on local climate zones (LCZs) in Changsha City. The research employs a genetic algorithm to optimize the LCZ quantity structure in order to improve the urban temperature environment. Subsequently, the optimized quantity structure is integrated with the future land use simulation (FLUS) model under multi-scenario constraints to achieve optimal spatial distribution of LCZs, providing scientific guidance for urban planning decision-makers. Results demonstrate that the LCZ-based optimization method can effectively regulate the urban thermal environment and maintain a suitable urban temperature range, offering both theoretical foundation and practical guidance for mitigating UHI effects.