UKRAINIAN FOLK COSTUME AS AN IMPORTANT HISTORICAL PHENOMENON

The article is devoted to folk costume as an element of the material and spiritual heritage of Ukrainians. The research aims to analyze a folk costume as an essential carrier of Ukrainians’ material culture. The key stages of the development of Ukrainian costume in the historical context are described. Literary sources that are the basis for the study of Ukrainian folk costume as an important historical phenomenon are analyzed. The value of studying the educational component «History of Ukrainian Costume» by higher education students is outlined. The author’s experience of teaching this discipline at Poltava V. G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University is presented. The effectiveness of involving students in research activities, including the analysis of printed sources, visiting museum collections, and collecting and reproducing samples of folk costumes, is emphasized. The tasks for practical classes on the «History of Ukrainian Costume» are proposed. The article presents the regional peculiarities of clothing production in different regions of Ukraine based on the division of traditional costume elements into undergarments, waist, chest, outerwear, belts, hats, shoes, and jewelry. The main local features of Ukrainian clothing are cut, silhouette, coloring, decorative and ornamental solutions, and form. The characteristics and division into types of each costume element are given. The features of Poltava traditional costumes are described: women’s Poltava shirts, the most common men’s shirt «Chumachka», kersetki with 3, 5, 7, or 9 «whiskers», «Veremiyivsky» dukachs. The article examines the belt as an important element of the costume, the materials from which it was made, and the decoration variants.