Translating informed consent in Scottish maternity services: perspectives from providers and researchers of both maternity care and translation/interpreting services.

Failing to meet the communication and information needs of childbearing women leaves them unable to provide true informed consent. Lack of control or lack of involvement in decision making contribute to birth trauma. For those with Limited English Proficiency (LEP) receiving information requires use of interpreters often hindered within pressurised maternity services and urgent situations. Women with LEP are often of ethnicities at risk of poorer maternity outcomes and from cultures where maternity service practices differ from Scottish maternity services. How do maternity care professionals (MCPs) and translation & interpreting (T&I) providers experience their role around informed consent when caring for women with LEP in Scotland; what do they identify as barriers or facilitators? Data were collected using qualitative methodology through online focus groups and interactive workshops including a mix of MCPs and T&I providers. Recruitment used a snowball approach via word of mouth and email. Focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim, workshops were audio-visually recorded and closely examined. Data were analysed using Framework analysis. Four themes emerged from the study: 1) Limited resources; 2) Inter-professional concerns; 3) Cultural heritage; and 4) Power. Limited resources affect women, MCPs and interpreting services. A lack of cultural awareness and power differentials create pressure for everyone within the process. LEP increases complexity around informed consent. Challenges are multifaceted compounded by lack of time and resources alongside power differentials. Trust, respect and continuity are key facilitators.