Biodiesel as Renewable Energy SourcesProduction via Transesterification of Waste Frying Oil

The biofuel has attracting increasing attention worldwide as a clean energy for the future to substitute fuel, which their production derives from conventional ways that are so expensive and polluant using fossil fuels.The aim of the present study is to valorize a potential agro-food waste namely fried oil (80% soybean oil and 20% sunflower oil) whose use is very frequent by it transformation into biofuel, which represents a renewable and nonpolluting source of energy.Two stakes emerge from this study, the economic stake : production of biofuel (renewable energy) at low cost, good efficiency and good quality and the environmental stake: conversion and recovery of used vegetable oil waste.The process allowing this transformation is based on the transesterification reaction of the oil using alcohol in basic homogeneous catalysis, which is very efficient and cost.Based on literature, many catalysts like acids, alkalis and enzymes (Lipase) are used for this process.This reaction is an imperative process for biodiesel production, as it can reduce the viscosity of the feedstock/vegetable oils to a level closer to the conventional fossil-based diesel oil.It has been widely used for the conversion of triglycerides into esters.Parametric study relating to temperature, time, stirring speed, type of catalyst and solvent influencing transesterification reaction was studied.To confirm that the biodisel obtained is a good quality, this latter was analyzed by gas chromatography to determine its composition and their physico-chemical properties were studied.The results of the esterification of this oil show that the quality of the produced biodiesel is directly related to the temperature.The physicochemical characteristics in terms to density, viscosity, higher calorific value, pour point, cloud point, freezing point and acid number were determined and indicating that the physico-chemical properties for the produced biodiesel are comparable to those of commercial diesel according to EN14214 and ASTM D6751 international standards..