Integrating Artificial Intelligence in the Sustainable Development of Agriculture: Applications and Challenges in the Resource-Based Theory Approach

In the electronics sector, artificial intelligence (AI) has grown into a disruptive force that is changing how humans engage with technology and creating new opportunities. AI is expanding the capabilities of electronic devices, granting them higher intelligence, increased intuitiveness, and the ability to comprehend and react to human behavior. The purpose of this approach is to highlight the knowledge structure in artificial intelligence application in agriculture and its challenges within the European Union. A bibliometric analysis was conducted, distinguishing the following items as the main research themes: agriculture 4.0; advanced monitoring and controlling strategies in intelligent agriculture; the automation of agriculture by including practices such as cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), big data, blockchain, robotics and AI, information security; new skills, and responsible leadership. The regression analysis revealed that the employers’ assumption of responsibility, by ensuring opportunities for training and development of digital skills, determines the growth of added value (0.013) and its rate (0.0003). Enhancing labor productivity depends on Internet access for the integration of technologies based on artificial intelligence (1.343). An increasing employment rate of low-skilled people affects agricultural production (0.0127). The contributions of this two-dimensional approach consist in supporting the integration of digital technology in agriculture as a condition for achieving the goals of sustainable development.