Inactivation of deposited bioaerosols on food contact surfaces with UV-C light emitting diode devices

The airborne transmission of infectious diseases and bioaerosol-induced cross-contamination pose significant challenges in the food, dairy, and pharma industries. This study evaluated the effectiveness of 279 nm UV-C LED irradiation for decontaminating bioaerosols, specifically containing microorganisms such as <i>Escherichia coli</i> (C3040- Kanamycin resistant), <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis (ATCC 4931), and <i>Pseudomonas fragi</i> (ATCC 4973), on food contact surfaces. Borosilicate glass, silicon rubber, and stainless steel (316L) surfaces were selected for experimentation for their usage in the food industry. A 50 µL cell suspension was aerosolized at 25 psi pressure using a 4-jet BLAM Nebulizer within a customized glass chamber and then deposited onto the surface of the coupons. The serial dilution approach was used for the microbial enumeration, followed by duplicate plating. With a low Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and high <i>R</i>² values, the biphasic kinetic model for UV-C inactivation curves of all three pathogens demonstrated the excellent goodness of fit parameters. At a UV-C dose of 6 mJ cm^-2, glass surfaces showed the maximum microbial inactivation (i.e., 2.80, 3.81, and 3.56 log CFU/mL for <i>E. coli</i>, <i>Salmonella</i>, and <i>P. fragi</i>, respectively). Stainless steel and silicon rubber surfaces showed significant microbial inactivation, but log₁₀ reductions observed were consistently lower than glass surface. Our research indicates that UV-C LEDs (279 nm) can effectively disinfect bioaerosols on food contact surfaces.IMPORTANCEFood safety is a major public health concern, with contaminated food causing serious illnesses. UV-C light, used for germicidal action, is effective in disinfecting surfaces and is not subject to the same strict legal restrictions as chemical disinfectants, simplifying compliance with food safety regulations. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of UV-C (279 nm) LED systems for inactivation of surface-deposited bioaerosols of kanamycin-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> (C3040), <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis (ATCC 4931), and <i>Pseudomonas fragi</i> (ATCC 4973). The research outcomes can be used to develop UV-based surface disinfection systems to minimize the risk of foodborne illnesses and enhance safety in high-traffic food preparation areas.