Analysis of commodity indicators and quantitative assessment of extractive substances content in fruits of the cultivated apple of the common Antonovka variety

The paper presents the results of the development of quality indicators of Antonovka apple fruits, made for raw materials that are planned to be used in the production of functional nutrition, which involves a combination of analysis methods used in the food industry and pharmacopoeia. The purpose of the study: to develop indicators of the quality of the fruits of the Antonovka cultivated apple tree for use in the manufacture of functional food. The object of the study was the fruits of the Antonovka apple variety, corresponding to GOST 34314-2017. Fresh apples sold in retail. Technical conditions. The qualitative analysis was carried out with guaranteed reagents in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XV edition, at the Department of Chemistry of the Sechenov University. Commodity indicators were determined in accordance with the GPM.1.2.2.2.0013.15 "General ash", GPM.1.5.3.0005.15 "Ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid", GPM.1.5.3.0007.15 "Determination of the moisture content of medicinal plant raw materials". The quantitative assessment of extractive substances was carried out in accordance with the GPM.1.5.3.0006.15 "Determination of the content of extractive substances in medicinal plant raw materials and medicinal herbal preparations". During the experimental study, a qualitative analysis of the studied raw materials, i.e. the fruits of the Antonovka apple variety, pre-crushed and dried, was carried out; the presence of biologically active substances such as flavonoids, tannins, and polysaccharides was revealed. An assessment of commodity indicators was carried out, including the determination of humidity, total ash, and insoluble ash in HCl. The authors also determined the quantitative content of extractive substances extracted with water and alcohol 70%. The results obtained can form the basis of documentation characterizing the quality of apple tree raw materials and subsequently be used in the standardization of a functional product.