Estimation of the energy balance, greenhouse gas emissions, and the state of mechanization of durum wheat cultivation in the Ziban region (Biskra)

This work aims to evaluate the energy balance, greenhouse gas emissions, and the state of mechanization of the durum wheat production system in the Biskra region for the 2021/2022 campaign. The data were collected using a questionnaire administered to one hundred (100) cereal farmers. The results indicated that the incoming energy is 41,545.36 MJ.Haˉ¹ while the outgoing energy is 48,086.19 MJ.Haˉ¹. The calculations of the energy indicators revealed that the values of energy efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy, and net energy were respectively 1.15, 0.08 kg.MJˉ¹, 12.43 MJ.kgˉ¹, and + 6,540.83 MJ.haˉ¹. These results allowed us to conclude that this system is productive and sustainable, that is to say, it generates more energy than it consumes. The total amount of greenhouse gas emissions from the inputs amounts to 1,682.39 kg CO2eq.Haˉ¹. The calculations also revealed that the mechanization index is approximately 71% and that the contribution of mechanization amounts to 2.51%.