Improving the PCM melting process in a triplex tube heat exchanger using a t-shaped fin for thermal energy storage

The aim of this study is to improve the performance of a heat exchanger (triplex tube). To achieve this aim, the contact surfaces were increased by lessening the thickness of the fins in the previous model. This provides additional fins and enables heat distribution throughout the heat exchanger with the new T-shaped fins and using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation tool. Two-dimensional numerical models of heat exchangers (triplex tube) filled with PCM were developed. The effects of various fin geometric properties, including length, thickness, and width, on the liquid fraction and temperature were examined, along with the impact of temperature (HTF) on melting time. The proposed model in this study validated with previous experimental and numerical studies, as the simulation results provide a compromise solution. The results demonstrated that the novel T-shaped fin configuration in a triplex tube exhibits superior heat distribution, with a melting time ratio that is 33.5% lower compared to conventional fins. The fin area was reduced by 36 mm², allowing for an increase in the amount of PCM. These findings provide a strong foundation for further research and the development of storage units. Additionally, there is potential to incorporate a rotational system into the technique to enhance energy storage.