Rear passenger restraint in frontal NCAP tests compared to the right-front passenger

Restraining loads on the rear passenger were significantly higher than on the right-front passenger in 2015-16 MY vehicle NCAP tests. The HIC₁₅ was 3.7-times higher in the rear passenger than the front. The Nij was 2.5-times higher and chest deflection was 2.2-times higher. The dummy responses were significantly higher in the rear seat compared to the front seat because of greater restraining loads, submarining and a hardware failure in NCAP tests. The lack of pretensioning, load limiting and airbags involved higher injury risks in the rear passenger compared to the right-front passenger.