Research Progress on Mouse Models of Breast Cancer Metastasis

Breast cancer metastasis is a major cause of treatment failure and patient mortality. Mouse tumor models largely replicate the pathophysiological processes of human tumors. Establishing mouse models of breast cancer metastasis helps to elucidate metastatic mechanisms, and in vivo imaging techniques enable dynamic monitoring of tumor cell metastasis in animals. This paper summarizes the mechanisms of breast cancer metastasis, the development, and application of various mouse breast cancer distant metastasis models over the past decade, and evaluates the characteristics and efficacy of each model to provide references for future experimental studies.