Distribution and Characterization of Microplastics and Their Relationship With Water Quality in the Cabaça Stream, Campo Grande-MS

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the presence, abundance, and morphological characteristics of microplastics in the Cabaça Stream in Campo Grande-MS, seeking to understand their relationship with water quality and aiming at the preservation of aquatic ecosystems. Theoretical Framework: The research is based on studies regarding microplastic pollution, particularly in aquatic ecosystems. Two indices were utilized for the analysis of the water quality of the studied stream: the IQACETESB and the IQASmith (1987). The digestion and density separation methodology are based on Masura et al. (2015) and provided the foundation for the analysis of microplastics. Method: Water samples were collected using plankton nets to retain plastic particles. Microplastics were analyzed for abundance and morphology using an Olympus BX41 optical microscope with 40x zoom. The WPO method was employed for digestion and separation of the samples. Results and Discussion: The analysis revealed an abundance of 15,800 and 17,675 items/m³ in the 68 µm and 20 µm nets, respectively. Transparent fibers were the most frequent morphologies. The results highlight the relevance of the environmental issue and its potential risks to aquatic biota. Research Implications: The detection of microplastics in the Cabaça Stream indicates the need for public policies to mitigate the impacts of these pollutants on the environment. Originality/Value: This study contributes to expanding knowledge about the presence of microplastics in Brazilian ecosystems, employing a proven methodology for identification and quantification.