Energy management system of an Electric Vehicle - IEEE VTS Challenge 2024

In this paper, we illustrate two families of energy management strategies for an electric vehicle equipped with an internal permanent magnet motor supplied by a battery and a supercapacitor (SC). The strategies aim to minimize the size and energy consumption of the storage system, as well as the losses and costs associated with power electronics converters. Both strategies share the same motor control approach, designed to maximize torque per Ampere, thereby reducing the required current to maintain a specified speed profile. In terms of current distribution between battery and SC, the first strategy (Spref) splits current into low-frequency components to the battery and high frequencies to the SC. A PID controller which reference depends on vehicle speed prevents the SC from reaching a low charge or high charge status. Instead, the second strategy (Ploss) focuses on optimally splitting the current demand to minimize the power losses on the supply side. Again, a PID controller governs the SC voltage. The methodologies have undergone testing across various speed profiles. The results and comparison are discussed for their potential suitability for the IEEE VTS Challenge 2024.