Analyzing Grid-Forming Inverter Controls: A Study on Feedforward Loop and Damping Characteristics

Grid-forming inverters play a crucial role in modern power systems, particularly in ensuring stability and resilience. Quantifying the amount of their contribution to system stability and the design of suited conformity tests is still an open discussion. This paper presents an analysis of the feedforward loop in grid-forming inverter controls. An analogy of grid-forming controls and a generic electromagnetic circuit helps to interpret the behavior of grid-forming inverter controls. Through experimental torque analysis, the paper proposes a straightforward procedure to analyze key elements, focusing on damping characteristics. Validation of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through laboratory examinations. The results not only validate the theoretical framework but also underscore the significance of a feedforward loop in designing well-damped grid-forming inverter controls.