Simplification of Product Design to Enhance the Sustainability Product Service System (SPSS)

In today’s society, many donation programs still operate using a linear economy (LE) business model. This approach restricts donated products to their intended recipients without returning them to the manufacturer or distributor for repair, maintenance, or product enhancement. Unfortunately, this often leads to more waste when products can no longer be reused and are immediately disposed of. Our research aims to simplify innovative products and strengthen the connection between products and sustainable services to establish a circular economy (CE) using the product service system (PSS) business model. We utilized design thinking, a four-stage method, to accomplish our goal. We began by analyzing products available for sale and considering the perceptions of users, manufacturers, and distributors. In the defining stage, we formulated product design specifications (PDS), followed by prototyping and testing. Our research results focus on the requirements of users and manufacturers and the qualitative amalgamation of product services in the form of PDS. These findings have the potential to impact the development of a more efficient sustainable product service system (SPSS). Keywords: linear economy, circular economy, product service system, product design specifications