Safety Evaluation of Marine Biodiversity in Beibu Gulf Region of Guangxi Based on PSR Model

This paper analyzes the current state of marine biodiversity in the Beibu Gulf of Guangxi from three perspectives: marine genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity. It defines the concept of marine biodiversity safety and establishes evaluation criteria for assessing the degree of marine biodiversity safety. Utilizing environmental and socio-economic development data from the Beibu Gulf region between 2014 and 2020, 20 evaluation indicators were selected across three categories: pressure, state, and response. This framework was used to construct an evaluation index system for assessing the marine biodiversity safety degree in the Beibu Gulf region of Guangxi. The Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model was employed to empirically analyze and evaluate the marine biodiversity safety degree in this area. The assessment results indicated that the marine biodiversity safety index for the Guangxi Beibu Gulf region was 0.4444, 0.4960, 0.5321, 0.4835, 0.5385, 0.6145, and 0.6661, respectively. This safety index demonstrated an upward trend and currently indicates a basic safety state. Finally, in light of the numerous challenges facing marine biodiversity in the Guangxi Beibu Gulf region, countermeasures and recommendations were proposed in three areas: standard formulation, environmental protection, and the establishment of a lifelong accountability system for resource and environmental damage. These suggestions aim to provide a reference for decision-making in biodiversity protection and management in the Guangxi Beibu Gulf region.