Prevalence of Common Variable Immune Deficiency in Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura Patients

Abstract Background Liver cirrhosis is the most frequent long-term consequence of all chronic liver diseases. Cirrhosis is often asymptomatic and unsuspected until complications occur. The majority of patients with liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma die from complications, which happen relatively early in the course of the disease. Thus, the early diagnosis of liver diseases is the only solution for this problem. Aim of the Work We aimed to evaluate serum kallistatin in Egyptian patients with hepatitis C virus related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients and Methods This case control study enrolled 90 Egyptian subjects aged ≥ 18 years old, participants were classified into 3 groups as follow: Group 1: 30 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Group 2: 30 patients with hepatitis C virus related liver cirrhosis. Group 3: 30 healthy subjects serving as a control group. Results Patients with liver cirrhosis and HCC have lower levels of serum Kallistatin compared to a control group. In the HCC group, patients with more severe liver disease (Child C class) had lower Kallistatin levels than those with less severe disease (Child class A and B). Kallistatin was negatively correlated with age, platelets, INR, bilirubin, C-reactive protein and alpha feto protein and positively correlated with hemoglobin and albumin. The study also tested the diagnostic accuracy of Kallistatin for detecting liver cirrhosis and HCC, and found that it had 96.6% accuracy for cirrhosis and 98% accuracy for HCC at specific cutoff points (<31.10ng/ml and <39.09ng/ml). Conclusion Serum Kallistatin has a potential rule as a new biomarker for the diagnosis and evaluation of liver cirrhosis and HCC.