Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury, Acute Kidney Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease at Ain Shams University Hospital

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease are common interconnected syndromes that represent a public health problem. Aim of the Work The aim of our study is To Determine the rate and aetiology of AKI, AKD and CKD in Ain Shams University hospital over period of 6 months. Patients and Methods This is a cross-sectional study on patients presented to ER at internal medicine, obstetric and general surgery hospitals of Ain Shams University. Results Regarding to serological markers there is high statistical significant between Acute and chronic patients as regard serum protein electrophoresis. In Acute patients, PTN electrophoresis was negative in 35 patients (16.1%) and not done in 183 patients (83.9%). In Chronic patients, PTN electrophoresis was negative in 89 patients (36.8%), positive in 5 patients (2.1%) and not done in 148 patients (61.2%). And Statistically significant difference between Acute and chronic patients as regard C3, C4, ANA and Anti DNA, In Acute patients, C3 was normal in 31 patients (14.2%), consumed in 18 patients (8.3%) and not done in 169 patients (77.5%). In Chronic patients, C3 was normal in 65 patients (26.9%), consumed in 23 patients (9.5%) and not done in 154 patients (63.6%) and as regard C4. In Acute patients, C4 was normal in 45 patients (20.6%), consumed in 4 patients (1.8%) and not done in 169 patients (77.5%). In Chronic patients, C4 was normal in 74 patients (30.6%), consumed in 14 patients (5.8%) and not done in 154 patients (63.6%). and as regard ANA and anti-DNA. In Acute patients, ANA & anti-DNA was normal in 26 patients (11.9%), positive in 16 patients (7.3%) and not done in 176 patients (80.7%). In Chronic patients, ANA and anti-DNA was normal in 60 patients (24.8%), positive in 13 patients (5.4%) and not done in 169 patients (69.8%). As regard renal US there is Statistically significant in increased kidney length and hilum to cortex in Acute patients when compared with Chronic patients and Statistically significant in increased kidney parenchymal thickness in Acute patients when compared with Chronic patients with high statistical significant by increased percentage of increased echogenicity of kidney in Chronic patients (215 patients, 90.7%) when compared with Acute patients (124 patients, 57.1%). But there is no statistical significant difference between Acute and chronic patients as regard kidney back pressure and regarding to patients who had backpressure and CTUT was done there is no statistical significant difference between Acute and chronic patients as regard CTUT back pressure. Conclusion The end-results of our study showed that marked increase in patient who had chronic kidney disease in compare with patient who had Acute kidney injury and acute kidney disease.