In Vitro Analysis of Benzopyran Derivative's Action Against Aspergillus Species

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate in vitro activity of two specific benzopyran derivatives: Ethyl 2-(4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylate and 2-(4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl) thiazolidine., with the aim of ascertaining their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and discerning their cytotoxic effects on human RBCs. Theoretical Framework: Aspergillus fumigatus causes numerous global deaths annually. Its increasing resistance to conventional antifungals and many azoles underscores the urgency for new therapeutic solutions. Method: Compounds were synthesized and we utilized the Disc Diffusion Assay, Microdilution Assay, Spore Germination Inhibition Assay, and Electron Microscopy to assess the anti-Aspergillus effects of PI 103 and PI 105. Additionally, the Hemolytic Assay was conducted to evaluate its potential acute toxicity. Results: The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for PI 103 varied between 15.6 mg/L and 250 mg/L, with no observable activity in two out of thirteen strains. For PI 105, the MIC ranged from 3.9 mg/L to 62.5 mg/L. Research Implications: Both compounds exhibited encouraging outcomes and demonstrated non-toxicity. Future refinements and research could bolster their efficacy. Their safety profile also paves the way for their potential use in a wider range of therapeutic treatments against fungal infections.