The Prognostic Value of Interleukin 4 and Interleukin 6 in H-pylori Peptic Ulcer Disease

Abstract Background Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacteria that colonizes the gastrointestinal mucosa and causes chronic inflammation and leads to different diseases such as peptic ulcer, bile reflux, gastritis, autoimmunity, or allergic response etc. This also develops into gastric cancer. Aim of the Work The present study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of interleukin 4, interleukin 6 in hpylori infected patients before and after treatment Patients and Methods This cohort study was conducted in Ain Shams University Hospital inpatient ward and Gastroenterology outpatient clinic for 6 month between August 2023 to February 2024 in Ain Shams University Hospital. This study was performed on 45 Egyptian patients with peptic ulcer due to H-pylori. Results There was significant difference between before and after treatment as regards HB, WBCs, Albumin and CRP (P < 0.05). There was significant difference between before and after treatment as regards IL-6 and IL-4 (P < 0.05). There was significant positive correlation between IL-6, CRP and WBCs (p < 0.05). Also, there was significant positive correlation between IL-4, CRP and WBCs (p < 0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of IL-4 as a discriminatory marker between before and after treatment among H-pylori infected patients was assessed using ROC curve which revealed a sensitivity 91.7% and specificity of 66.7% at cutoff value >50.7 pg/ml, with an acceptable discriminative accuracy of 80%. While the diagnostic accuracy of IL-6 as a discriminatory marker between before and after treatment among H-pylori infected patients was assessed using ROC curve which revealed a sensitivity 98.11% and specificity of 90.1% at cutoff value >40.8 pg/ml, with an acceptable discriminative accuracy of 87%. Conclusion In this study we concluded that there is an increased production of IL-6 and IL-4 among H- pylori infected patients that may be an important mediator of the inflammatory response. Serum IL-6 and IL- 4 is significantly lower after treatment of H. Pylori infected patients. Still, we caution that studies with larger groups of patients and properly matched control groups, are needed to confirm these findings.