Testosterone Levels in Egyptian Men Type 1 Diabetic Patients and Their Association with Diabetic Nephropathy

Abstract Background Type 1 diabetes is a chronic illness characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas. It can develop in adults and is often onset in childhood. Aims and Objectives To identify testosterone levels in Egyptian men with type 1 diabetes with and without nephropathy and identify its correlation with micrcoalbuminuria. Subjects and Methods This study was case control study conducted at Diabetes outpatient clinic at Ain Shams University Hospital. The study was performed on diabetic subjects aging above 20 years old. The study was included 120 patients with diabetes divided into 3 groups: 40 cases with type 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy, 40cases with type 1 diabetes without diabetic nephropathy, 40 Healthy males as a control group. Result Testosterone levels were higher in patients with T1D than in healthy controls. Total testosterone levels were significantly higher in T1DM patients with diabetic nephropathy compared to those without diabetic nephropathy. Sex hormone-binding globulin showed no association with T1DM or diabetic nephropathy. Conclusion The current study showed that testosterone levels were higher in patients with T1D than in healthy controls. Total testosterone levels were significantly higher in T1DM patients with diabetic nephropathy compared to those without diabetic nephropathy.