The Value of Rapid On-Site Evaluation during Conventional and Endobronchial Ultrasound Needle Aspiration in Diagnosis of Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy and Lung Cancer

Abstract Background ROSE EBUS-TBNA is a useful technique that has revolutionized the field of pulmonology. Developed initially for detecting metastasis in lung cancer patients, it is currently used in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis, tuberculosis (TB), and lymphoma. ROSE, which has been a game changer for the pathologists, helps to act as a guide for assessing the adequacy and accuracy of the sample and aid in rapid decision-making. Aim of the Work The aim of the study was to evaluate the value of ROSE during EBUS-TBNA and C.TBNA in the diagnosis of mediastinal lymphadenopathy and lung cancer. Patients and Methods Our study was a prospective study where we studied 60 cases were divided into two equal groups ROSE group and Non-ROSE group underwent either Conventional TBNA or EBUS TBNA Results The total diagnostic yield of Conventional and EBUS TBNA in both groups were 83.3% (50/60 cases). 28 cases (46.7%) positive for malignancy, 22 cases (36.6%) were positive for benign lesion, and 10 cases (16.6%) were not conclusive. Regarding diagnostic accuracy, it was higher in ROSE group than non-ROSE group (100% in ROSE group vs. 66.7% in non-ROSE group) Conclusion ROSE during Conventional or EBUS-TBNA improve diagnostic accuracy of mediastinal lesions by excluding suspicious or nondiagnostic specimens and can reduce unnecessary punctures or eliminate the need for additional bronchoscopic procedures when reaching to preliminary diagnosis