Evolution and History of Domestication of Livestock, Livestock Population, and Livestock Development Trend in the World and in Ethiopia: Review

The aim of this study is to review the literature and provide a technical brief about history of domestication of livestock, livestock population and livestock development on the world as well as in Ethiopia. Animal domestication started in an ancient time and it needs further investigation till now. Genetic processes are involved in the evolution of animals during domestication. The time of domestication animal is different from each other. Animal domestication was conducted by different alternative path ways. Among those path way direct path way was the most deliberate path way of animal domestication. Again there are certain consequences of domestication. Among those comparison of wild and domestic livestock, longitudinal analysis of wild animals kept in captivity, results brought by molecular genetics are the main one. The population of the livestock in world is increasing from time to time. The world human population is being increasing by high amount of number; to feed those huge numbers of population giving attention for livestock development trend and production system is very essential. Additionally, in the case of our country the number of livestock is high by a number. But the production and productivity is very small compared with the livestock we have. Finally, there are certain modifiers of future livestock production and consumption for resource; socio cultural modifiers and ethical concern are the main one.