Assessment of Inflammatory Scores in Severity Prediction for Elderly Patients with Odontogenic Infections

<b>Background and Objectives:</b> Odontogenic infections (OIs) can lead to severe complications, especially in elderly patients due to age-related physiological changes and comorbidities. This study aims to evaluate the predictive accuracy of inflammatory scores-APACHE II, CURB-65, SOFA, and NEWS2-in determining the severity of odontogenic infections among elderly patients (>70 years) compared to younger patients (<70 years). <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients diagnosed with an OI at the Maxillofacial Surgery Department between January 2018 and January 2024. Patients were divided into two groups: elderly patients (>70 years, n = 49) and younger patients (<70 years, n = 64). The Symptom Severity score (SS) of odontogenic infections was calculated for all patients. Inflammatory scores-APACHE II, CURB-65, SOFA, and NEWS2-were assessed at admission and correlated with infection severity. Additional subgroup analyses were performed based on comorbidities and infection sites. <b>Results:</b> Elderly patients exhibited significantly higher SS scores (mean 12.47 ± 2.93) compared to younger patients (mean 7.82 ± 2.17, <i>p</i> < 0.001). APACHE II, CURB-65, SOFA and NEWS2 scores were significantly elevated in the elderly group (all <i>p</i> < 0.001). The SOFA score demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy for severe OIs in elderly patients, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.82-0.95). Subgroup analyses revealed that comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease significantly influenced infection severity (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Inflammatory scores, particularly SOFA, are effective in predicting the severity of odontogenic infections in elderly patients. The integration of these scores into clinical practice may enhance early identification of high-risk patients and improve management strategies.