International practice of investment activities during the period of macroeconomic instability

Investments are a key element of the economic mechanism at both the micro and macro levels. In the context of increasing volatility, the importance of sound decisions in the field of investments is becoming increasingly crucial. The aim of this article is to conduct a comparative analysis of international investment strategies that contribute to the formation of balanced short- and long-term decisions under conditions of economic instability, with an emphasis on investor risk management. The article analyzes current trends and strategies in the field of investments, taking into account the conditions of economic instability caused by globalization, technological innovations, and geopolitical changes. In particular, an analysis of successful practical experience in sustainable investing has shown significant growth, reaching $35.3 trillion, which accounts for approximately 36 % of all assets under management in developed economies. The development trend of technological innovations, especially in the field of artificial intelligence, with projected development expenditures of $110 billion by 2024, is also highlighted. Additionally, the impact of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technologies on the investment market is analyzed, which have shown growth and volatility with the market capitalization recovering to $2.5 trillion. Risk management strategies are considered, including portfolio diversification, hedging, and the importance of liquidity in international investment strategies. The role of these strategies in ensuring financial stability and reducing potential losses in unstable market conditions is noted. Special attention is paid to global integration and its impact on financial markets, which requires investors to understand both the positive and negative aspects of international economic interdependence. It is emphasized that investment behavior must be adaptive and flexible to optimize responses to market changes and take advantage of new opportunities arising from economic downturns and instability. Understanding these changes and adapting strategies are crucial for ensuring long-term stability and success in the modern investment environment. Prospects for further research include evaluating the effectiveness of investments under economic instability, taking into account the impact of artificial intelligence.