A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess the Distribution of Psychiatric Morbidity and Coping among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent global health issue, affecting approximately 9-14% of the population. As CKD progresses, many patients require hemodialysis, a life-sustaining but invasive treatment that significantly impacts physical, psychological, and social well-being. Research has consistently shown high rates of psychiatric morbidity, including depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment, among hemodialysis patients. These mental health challenges arise from the complex interaction of physiological, psychological, and socioeconomic factors, including the physical demands of treatment, lifestyle changes, and financial burden. Depression is particularly prevalent in this population and is associated with poor treatment adherence, increased hospitalization, and higher mortality rates. Anxiety disorders are similarly common, driven by the unpredictability of CKD progression, treatment stress, and physical discomfort during dialysis. Cognitive impairment, affecting attention, memory, and executive function, is also frequently observed and is linked to uremic toxins, cerebrovascular disease, and comorbid conditions. Untreated psychiatric disorders in hemodialysis patients contribute to worse clinical outcomes, higher healthcare utilization, and increased costs. Recognizing this, clinical guidelines emphasize the importance of regular screening and treatment of mental health issues in this population. Adaptive coping strategies, such as problem-solving and social support, have been linked to better mental health outcomes, while maladaptive strategies like avoidance are associated with greater psychological distress. Despite the known significance of psychiatric morbidity and coping strategies, there is limited comprehensive data, particularly in developing countries. This cross-sectional study aims to address this gap by identifying the prevalence and patterns of psychiatric conditions and coping mechanisms among hemodialysis patients. The findings may inform the development of targeted interventions, improve treatment adherence, and enhance the quality of life for this vulnerable population. Additionally, understanding the interplay between psychiatric conditions and coping strategies may provide insights into preventive and therapeutic approaches for CKD patients.