Effect of Preoperative Dexmedetomidine Nebulisation on the Haemodynamic Response to Laryngoscopy and Intubation - An Observational Study

This observational study investigated the effect of preoperative dexmedetomidine nebulization on the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation. Laryngoscopy and intubation trigger sympathetic discharge, leading to increased blood pressure and heart rate, necessitating attenuation through premedication and smooth induction. Dexmedetomidine nebulization was hypothesized to blunt this response due to its rapid absorption and bioavailability. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine nebulization on heart rate, blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure, as well as its propofol - sparing effect and potential adverse effects. Sixty patients (ASA I and II, 20 - 65 years old) were divided into two groups: Group A received normal saline nebulization, while Group B received 1mcg/kg dexmedetomidine nebulization 10 minutes before induction. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded pre - and post - nebulization, and at intervals post - intubation. Results showed significant blunting of hemodynamic responses and reduced propofol requirements in Group B, with no adverse effects. The study concludes that nebulized dexmedetomidine effectively attenuates the stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation without adverse effects.