Awareness of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance among stakeholders in the pig value chain: A preliminary report

A growing threat to global health is antibiotic resistance, which is caused by the inappropriate use of antibiotics. This study was designed to assess the level of awareness of pig farmers and other stakeholders in the pig production value chain with regards to knowledge, attitude, and practices on antibiotic use and resistance in Jos metropolis and Kanke LGA of Plateau State. A qualitative approach using a pretested 80-point structured questionnaire shared by sending a web-link through social media (WhatsApp), email, and via interview of farm owners (single farm visit) was employed. The findings from the assessment revealed a mixed understanding among pig farmers regarding the prudent use of antibiotics, with areas of both good knowledge and potential misconceptions observed. The farmers used antibiotics therapeutically and oxytetracycline (31%), sulfadimidine (17%), and gentamicin (12%) were the most commonly used antibiotics. Knowledge on antibiotic residue and withdrawal period was generally poor. Farmers (61.5%) reported not keeping track of the antibiotics used on their farmers, and many farms do not have effective farm biosecurity measures in place. Overall, the farmers had general awareness on the concepts of antibiotic resistance and antibiotic use, however, they are not aware of the local agency (NAFDAC) regulating the use of drugs in food animals and which antibiotics have been banned for use in humans and animals. It was concluded that there is a need to improve access to government veterinary services for pig farmers on the Plateau, while addressing the identified awareness gaps on antibiotics and encouraging rational use