[Exploration of the role of nutritional status scores in heart failure prognosis].

<b>Objectives:</b> To explore the prognostic significances of geriatric nutrition risk index (GNRI), controlling nutritional status (CONUT), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in patients with heart failure. <b>Methods:</b> This was a retrospective study. Patients with heart failure admitted to the Department of Cardiology, the first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from September 16, 2013 to December 28, 2017 were enrolled. Clinical data of patients were collected and patients were followed up. GNRI, CONUT and PNI scores of patients were calculated. Cox proportional risk model was used to evaluate the relationship between the above three nutritional status scores and the risk of all-cause death in patients with heart failure, and restricted cubic spline analysis was used to verify the relationship. Subgroup analysis was performed based on left ventricular ejection fraction, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, number of heart failure comorbidities, systolic blood pressure, creatinine, body mass index, use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor antagonists, use of β-blockers, and use of spironolactone. <b>Results:</b> A total of 2 016 patients with heart failure aged (67.7±13.0) years old were enrolled, including 1 230 (61.0%) males. All patients were followed up until September 15, 2021. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models showed that increased GNRI score was significantly associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure (<i>HR</i>=0.989, 95%<i>CI</i> 0.982-0.996, <i>P</i>=0.001), while CONUT and PNI scores were not associated with all-cause mortality (both <i>P</i>>0.05). Restricted cubic spline analysis showed no U-shaped relationship between the scores and all-cause death. Subgroup analysis suggested that the prognostic value of GNRI score was predominant in patients not using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker (<i>P</i>_interaction=0.024), while there was no statistically significant difference between groups in other subgroup analyses (<i>P</i>_interaction>0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Increased GNRI score is associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure and may serve as an effective tool to assess nutritional status in patients with heart failure.