A Study on the Carbon Dioxide Laser

Abstract: One of the first gas lasers to be created was the carbon-dioxide laser (CO2 laser). One of the most practical kinds of lasers, it was created in 1964 by Bell Labs' Kumar Patel [22]. The most powerful continuous-wave lasers on the market right now are carbon-dioxide lasers. Additionally, they are quite efficient; the output power to pump power ratio can reach 20%. The primary wavelength bands of the infrared light beam produced by the CO2 laser are 9.6 and 10.6 micrometers (μm). [22] In order to improve its performance, a carbon dioxide laser uses carbon dioxide as its main gain medium. Nitrogen (N2), helium (He), and occasionally hydrogen (H2), water vapor, oxygen, or xenon (Xe) are added. This laser works by energizing the gas mixture to produce laser light by promoting the emission of radiation by an electrical gas discharge. In carbon dioxide lasers, the electrical gas discharge can be powered by radio frequency (RF), direct current (DC), or alternating current (AC). The wavelength of the light emitted by these lasers is 10.6 micrometers. In dermatology, they are frequently used for operations like wrinkle reduction, scar removal, and sun damage treatment. Furthermore, for accurate cutting and tissue removal, carbon dioxide lasers are employed as surgical instruments in specialties such as neurosurgery and gynecology.[24]