Theoretical Analysis of Shaft Wall Damage and Failure Under Impacting of Ore-Rock Falling in Vertical Ore Pass

The impact of ore-rock blocks on the shaft wall of a vertical ore pass is a crucial cause of shaft wall damage and failure. Based on the structure and parameters of the ore pass in a case mine, the first collision’s position of the ore-rock block with respect to the ore pass wall and the angle between the impacting direction of the ore-rock block and the horizontal plane before and after the collision are investigated via a kinematic analysis. The normal and tangential analysis models of ore rock impacting the shaft wall are established and analyzed based on contact mechanics. The results show that: (1) based on the kinematic analysis of ore rock moving in the ore pass and on the colliding condition of the ore-rock block the first time that it collides with the ore pass wall, the coordinates and angles of the collision are proposed; (2) the impacting process of ore rock is categorized into elastic compression, elastic–plastic compression, and rebound of the shaft wall material. The relationship between the normal impact force and the penetrating depth is determined, and the slipping distance of the ore-rock block along the shaft wall and the lost volume of the shaft material are established. (3) The wall material’s normal, tangential, and total restitution coefficient is acquired. (4) The total lost volume during the collision is obtained through the analysis and solution of the model. (5) Based on the characteristics and parameters of the ore pass in the case mine, the influence of the impact velocity and angle of the ore-rock block on the restitution coefficient, maximum normal intrusion depth, maximum tangential displacement, and volume loss of the shaft wall are analyzed by using relevant formulas.