Metaverse Adoption in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs): A Systematic Literature Review

In recent years following the evolution of the technological era, Metaverse has expanded and grown around the world. The concept of the Metaverse has exceeded into its origins and emerged as a genuine reality. There is a lack of information regarding the influencing factors from adoption of the Metaverse in education. Therefore, this study focused on the question “What is the most influential factor in Metaverse adoption in higher education institutions (HEIs)?”. This study aims to encourage the use of Metaverse in education and understand the factors that influence its adoption. It also serves as a guide for future research. This study also works to conduct developers in Metaverse based in education, which offer insight into the evolving of Metaverse technologies. By implementing a Systematic Literature Review methodology, insights from diverse authors and sources were collected to seek the influential factors of Metaverse in education. The focus spanned studies published between 2014 until 2024. The comprehensive literature review revealed 38 factors across 25 scholarly articles, categorized into six latent variables: Human, Enjoyment, Technology Capability, External, Human Expectancy, Risk. This finding has the potential to enhance progress, facilitate and assist the adoption of Metaverse in education. This study also offers insight into the development of Metaverse in education. However, this study has a limitation that only 25 studies were analyzed, indicating that other influencing factors may still be unexplored. For future studies, extensive research is needed to explore new factors that can influence the adoption of Metaverse for higher education institutions.