A Study on AI Applications for Orthodontics and Malocclusion Detection Approaches

Orthodontics is a dental specialty focused on treating, diagnosing, and preventing malocclusion and other dental irregularities. In a complex human digestive system, the anatomy of teeth has a significant role. Moreover, maintaining a healthy dental anatomy is essential to ensure a vibrant lifestyle. Orthodontics plays a vital role in the health of teeth structure by providing solutions for crooked teeth, tooth decay, periodontal disease, TMJ syndrome, neck shoulder pain, headaches, and pleasing facial appearance. This paper showcases a comprehensive review of the background and evolution of the orthodontics area through the years, emphasizing more methodologies for fixing malocclusion. The field of orthodontics needs significant manual intervention throughout the entire process, starting from the initial detection of the problem to the final stage of rectifying the fault. This paper presents a fair comparative visualization of manual work cut down with technical advancements in orthodontics and malocclusion detection techniques, spanning from the Bio-mechanical to Artificial Intelligent era. For a better descriptive analysis, we have analyzed the various existing works in orthodontics and malocclusion detection connecting to a set of well-defined research questions. The study of available algorithms, technologies data sets, and gaps for orthodontics and malocclusion detection technique is outlined concerning observed results in the survey.