Efficient Solar-Battery Powered High Voltage PMSM Drive with Sensorless Vector Control for EV

This paper presents a novel high voltage permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) topology powered by a low voltage battery and solar photovoltaic (PV) array for electric vehicle (EV) applications. Presented system integrates an intermediate bidirectional DC-DC converter between battery and DC link, which regulates DC link voltage and facilitates battery charging during regenerative braking. A coupled inductor-based DC-DC boost converter is employed as maximum power point tracking (MPPT) converter, ensuring continuous input and output currents while maximizing power extraction from rooftop solar PV. To enhance control of PMSM, a novel sensorless vector control strategy based on a sliding mode observer (SMO) and an improved phase locked loop (PLL) is implemented. This approach mitigates chattering and harmonics, providing accurate speed and position estimation for effective motor control. Designed topology not only improves driving range and efficiency of EV but also reduces reliance on a large battery, thereby lowering overall system costs. Obtained results validate efficacy of proposed system in optimizing power management and enhancing performance of solar-powered EVs.